Title: Skeptics Guide #217 - Sep 12 2009

" You're listening to the skeptics guide to give you give us your escape. To react team."

" The following the live performance of the skeptics guide to the universe. It was performed on September 12 2009. In New York City as the first. North eastern conference of science and skepticism. Posted by the newly skeptical society and New York City spend."

" How fabulous. Too that's bad for the guy the universe. Well I'm not surprised at that because. Big play. 65. Pounds in their weekly listeners of the podcast they are believing it is skeptical podcast out there. And over it and it. Million. Downloads. Since 2005. So let me begin with -- develop he has a skeptical satirist -- is unique wry perspective on all things wacky and weird. He creates and maintains he had to the technology for the group today is sort of a comic part of the comic relief and the voice of Everyman. Bernstein is a co host and is the producer and co host of -- five by five weekly science podcast he serves as the Connecticut chapter chairman of the New England skeptical society. He's also a technical adviser for the official that's investigations and has been an active participant in the -- the woman since 1996. The -- of comic relief. Rebecca Watson is the founder of skeptic dot org -- on -- magazine focused on women in critical thinking -- articles and essays have appeared on line in the newspapers and magazines across the United States -- daily ramblings can be found at skeptic dot org about the slash blog. And she occasionally poses in skeptic pinup calendars and if you brought yours she'll be happy to sign it Rebecca Watson. -- the village co-founder and vice president of the -- ends -- written numerous articles that are widely published in the skeptical literature and has a special interest in physics and astronomy. There abuse by pseudo scientists and methods of self deception please welcome Bob Novella. And finally -- last but not least. Steve Novella is an academic neurologist at the Yale University School of Medicine in addition to being the host of the as you broadcasting is the president and co-founder of New England skeptical society. He's also the author of neurological. Blog a popular science blog covers news and issues in neuroscience. And that was just last week's episode. Back to develop also contributes every Sunday -- the rogues gallery the official blog mr. you know every Monday and skeptic -- every Wednesday to science based medicine. A blog dedicated to issues of science and medicine. Please welcome moment the lead host rescues Steve --"

" It's gotten it's gotten."

" Had a right."

" Well thank you everyone for coming we love holding life shows it's great to see a nice full audience. We actually have any special guest who will be joining us as a guest wrote for our life show. Professor. Richard -- Richard."

" Richard was there is any psychologist. And he runs a popular blog as well as in new podcast he's author of many extremely popular books including. Her biology. And has produced a number of YouTube videos including some that haven't gone viral which is what we like a yacht currently the color changing cartridges are most popular ones are correct."

" The -- tricky stopped about four million views now so well and that's just one person clicking on constantly thank you. A person. That's going up there -- is the only one who locked out prepared with a banana. I have isn't on the economic yeah. If anyone's not finding it funny just put this in your mouth and -- your face and -- smile. So I love British."

" we have always -- from a British person of so this is the the first nexus conference is like that took weeks to come. Up but this is this."

" An annual. Harry."

" Yeah it's."

" Every year we have to remember our dear friend -- and me as I know I -- before Harry was the one who came the idea of let's get together and run a skeptical. Because there was a point in the New England area literally our presence here is due in no small part to him and he was a critical member of the ask you. The definitely -- unique perspective and personality to the show that people. Immediately connect with -- we still get emails. I know it's been two years since we lost our friend and we look at emails from people who were going that was into the show to just discovered us and listening to them and Warner and they can't apparently totally connect an -- could make it sees personality coming through through the podcast. I and they have experienced a loss over again. So I don't agree -- a few news items the first one is the recent interview between Charlie Sheen and president."

" Barack Obama. And I hear about this is it which actually never took place and it took place and in in the my. It's also on this blog called the prison planet anyone know Alex Jones. Radio yeah right. You know 9/11 trigger. Of something so what Charlie Sheen did to commemorated. In his own mind the tragedy of what happened on 9/11 is that he sat down and wrote a little. Well let's say it's been a current say how would be if he were to have twenty minutes to sit down with president Obama's of that. He could tell him and he could present him with tough acts. Of 9/11 and so that President Obama could really get to the bottom what really happened. That day and you know basically what it is is just exercise that Charlie went through to bring up the same old points nothing new. It's all been hackneyed and pulled apart and and you know early -- especially by skeptics over the years has done an excellent job. Keeping people like you know Charlie Sheen Alex Jones is there likes this you know just this dialogue and you go to prison planet can actually. Prison planet dot com you can actually read it it's obviously scripted."

" Reading it before he revealed that what happens and figured it but it's reads it so obviously scripted -- and I I."

" Please look he's look back at the yeah yeah he wrote Obama plan of the conversation -- appliance hands -- I don't like to having god talk back to -- next week. I'm -- strategy that's Ericsson tops our dean has."

" And his works are the same time."

" His main point seem to be that there are members of -- commission who are now saying that the exit official version of events as laid out in their report. Is not accurate. Now -- here's the thing this is again very typical conspiracy theory -- sure there are people who think that the Bush Administration are -- some of the 200911 probably. Hide the fact that they screwed up you know this happened on their watch him maybe you didn't respond optimal lead to the events as they were unfolding and certainly they didn't prevent it from happening. And that's what the united living commissions are talking about especially those that are are in the Democratic Party -- we really needed to go after the bush administration for their failure about -- But he is throwing that out there as if they're saying that it was an inside job in the near the Bush Administration orchestrated 9/11 nasty implication he's leaving out there. And that's -- a very typical conspiracy kind of strategy. Making something appear more sinister than it is and -- rather than providing evidence that something actually happened. Just trying to make it's like there's some mystery and they want to fill the mystery with of course they're paranoid conspiracy thinking."

" Yeah and at the same time he also goes in addition to all that he goes back. And he brings us the whole thing about our world trade center's building number seven. Could not possibly collapsed as a result of this terrorist attack it had to be a planned implosion that's where the CIA. Had headquarters -- their offices or so or some such thing if you look at the side of the building you can see. There's hardly any damage it's the same old style Evan he's clearly a structural engineer."

" No no yellow you may want to play and a half men."

" never actually seen yeah have."

" Brings. But. You remember the popular mechanics. Report came out years ago basically gave you lose the gist of what actually went on from an engineering stand point out that just a list. -- And that and how it all all went down I mean you know apparently Charlie Sheen Alex Jones and all these people as a whole list of celebrities. Now. -- questions -- 9/11 they they totally ignored this. And they ignore these facts of science and it just doesn't play into his into -- nice little script that he -- here. -- have a promising anything interest there was at all and yes I agree."

" I came across as slightly rational and."

" Yeah he can't even do that right in and set up I was like for coach Charlie you're so funny."

" Can I feel your life --"

" Coach. Charlie let me get my favorite show."

" But the other thing that they do is that they they terroristic Alia."

" And then that this actually came up to -- column last weekend I'm Rebecca was on -- panel Adam savage and it there was east it was a ambush question right denial of entry through asked a question about an analyst or might it discovered in New York City. Of course you get thrown a question like that. Without preparation you know you know -- cherry -- so nobody knew what the answer was that he was specifically asking. But I had a week that'll look it up and feet and try to this study that he decided. And quarterly journal what it is is done they found not -- my -- chemical that could result Communists -- and it turns out the same chemical could also be found in melted computers. Which there's an estimated there was good. Like 10000. Computers probably melted down in the middle of this of the towers so that probably has something to do with us and we don't know that fact would of the -- your -- target students."

" Where he works for the Bush Administration. Nobody knows that it."

" Yeah acts to our answer on the panel. All the time is just now if you've got evidence show us there's been no new evidence in eight years. Elway sorry and it -- question was."

" specifically. Do you feel that there's any bias in the skeptical community against top political issues and then he brings -- this. -- your review journal and we are just look at each other."

" And Adam savage -- I detect a little bit of bias and the question. And then it is they shot him down."

" you know our good friend Perry. Us this is one of the topics he felt most passionately about you know Perry was the patriot certainly of this country -- took great exception. You Obama. The 9/11 true others in this Charlie -- of the world and so forth and back when you said you know just you know when you don't go away yet that would be nice if these people would go away but it's because of people like Charlie Sheen. And a few other people have listed here Rosie O'Donnell Michael -- Sharon Stone Martin -- and as currently the junior David Lynch most that Harry Belafonte Woody Harrelson the list goes on there are hundreds of these people out there that are perpetuating trying to perpetuate the mythology. Behind 9/11. And it's because of the work of skeptics. That have largely kept these people. At bay and we beat them off with sticks and imagine now. Much worse this would have become in our culture. It wasn't for us you know the skeptics doing I'm doing the hard work James Brown was in nine -- there. Don't change and grow."

" I don't know James who. That's just sit right with me -- And -- it's evident in -- AM and -- on that and he's Israeli burning towards that and."

" amnesia you you know this one's for opera."

" There's a very HD. Discussion and fiscal review letters. This is an MIT. Resume -- nice Italian boy is saying basically that the arrow of time that. We've all heard Latin top -- race or whenever called cup of coffee kind of it's it's how cool is that when he say that the those events. Also happen the opposite way so he's that there are events that happened when. Will get it will get cool oracle hassle on -- itself. And he says that he he did this try to resolve the mystery of the arrow of time on which is the right which is the idea that it. It's summertime with the level the law of physics are not stick to time tied to the laws of physics can apply it forward or back. They make perfect sense and you scale that up to the Mac world doesn't make sense because you never see a class and breaking horror or anything like that. So his attempt to try to understand that. Was to invoke this is weird just weird hypothesis that he was coming up -- now we've all heard of -- just -- taken off -- and parents at the macro world time hasn't parent things I usually time has an arrow do you mean it's moving in -- direction -- only one direction. But the macro scale. -- kind of explains the -- time. On basically. You know like like gas X expanding. Gas has so many different -- states that checks are gonna be in one of those distorted the -- sediment mortars into his. I. He says that when -- humid observe something like saying on glass breaking. He says that than your memory kind of gets quantum the entangled with the state. And -- and and so you could -- Observers see this thing happened because of the quantum entanglement. When he gets to -- tangle it's Peter's arm he's performing and -- wiping all day everyday overseas bizarre things."

" Now I think it's items that some psychologists and so what I'm thinking is he -- yeah."

" Let's -- is going through my head. It's kind of bizarre hypothesis the big problem that I have waited. Is that if you look particularly with quantum entanglement basically when particles are entangled this year something that -- does not. Cannot get -- could be millions of light years away and you're still. Entangled in some -- that you can describe wonderfully without without resorting to the other thing that these are quantity events. These are things that really happened in the in the -- because. Who -- So I'm not sure how can -- want to retain Denver for the human mind that's the biggest problem I have it."

" I noticed how I have with the that I just -- you -- is that it seems like an occurrence of a bizarre solution to a non problem you know. When you think about it. So what he's saying is gesture at the microscopic level sub atomic level every process is reversible -- can happen can unhappy and there's no way chemical reactions -- corrections energy that it can transform everything can happen in both directions so why doesn't always -- only happen in one direction. When it comes to -- statistics crippled when I think it's like there's no reason in physics like every air molecule in this room more spontaneously go into this -- to this can happen there's nothing in the laws of physics isn't -- and I happen. It's just really unlikely. And so like that you have to wait longer than the age of the universe were on average for it to happen so it essentially doesn't happen until it is it's the statistics of enormously large numbers of things for -- So many air molecules the probability of them all deciding. To go into entity the space in this in -- aren't the same time. He says infinitesimal. So same thing with entropy right there's no reason why -- a couple copies and spontaneously get warmer than the -- here and it surrounds it. It just doesn't happen in this never gonna happen because that would require. The same kind of probability is all the -- going into the corner of the room so it's actually. A non problem when you think about it that way and his solution just really bizarre like how he's going backwards so we're forgetting whenever anything that. And reverse entropy occurs okay is detestable to -- do it."

" Asked if not then it's useless not just say though on on the macro level we're not subject to the who the physics of micro level right so okay so why does nullified this -- research. Yeah. I pray that perhaps it."

" Okay what -- you feisty Canucks though I have to say I don't understand it well right it's -- constantly say. And purple for reasons of quantum mechanics it's not possible it may make perfect mathematical sense and I. And if you listen -- makes a prediction that's different than right the world as we thought it was its its actually one does not even wrong you know situation where it just -- it doesn't matter yeah."

" If your whole science depends depends on an event that then goes back in time he gets undying hadn't possibly -- he has you can't pretend that. This guy's in trouble if he can't form an experiment with students. And from what I can tell research lot of places I don't just aren't by some one one quote. This is Hugh Price. He's hit -- head of the center of time at University City -- senator. Like time bandits -- it's. Crazy father time it's a doctor hill. -- what I'm. Human rights is is each UW was anybody come across."

" Announces Hugh HUW. -- announce that we do this stuff it. So. So his argument is is basically this he says I quote the proposal to explain the -- are in terms of the quantum effects of observers has an obvious flaws. He says it doesn't explain what all observers have the same orientation as time went on some observers remember what we -- the future and accumulate information which we call it passed so there's lots of different -- is this is one of them I have a problem Carol Kwan and painting so what did himself proud. I just got it up a step opinion. Why is based Katrina when mystery for an Internet."

" So he's head of time how many Colston any mile -- says what times it's. Another August and now. What we'll send you those emails. I don't know changes the time when his computer the time on my computer -- yeah yes he has an auto replies that I had tossed. So just songs in the previous delivery guy are you saying that the rest time thing as potentially. The Twin Towers could go back up lately theory didn't he just forgot. I wouldn't -- but back Ayala. Corbett doesn't -- if you -- years and I happen. Everything is Charlie Sheen would still be wrong."

" Rebecca we all love you very much. Any -- between -- and yeah. So we'll hold -- Clark."

" Passed away few weeks ago early in September. She is or was like -- he was now. She was probably one of the biggest and most dangerous class in history. The World Series and this woman is personally responsible for the deaths of at least hundreds of people in in all humility she came on with a book to cure for all cancers. I guess you know this is a huge red flag whenever anyone says that I can cure everything right when it even if it's just all cancers or anything -- everything was caused by this one thing. You know there are there -- there's. Because that that's just not the way that our biological systems and medicine works there are many many different types of things that cause disease in -- function -- disorders so you -- never anyone cause for anything."

" The new video for somebody saying that and modern western doctors kind of like oversee. The efficacy of their practice yes. And then of course she was she was supporting look -- is secure or can you talk about."

" Yeah yeah we oversell our treatments but she -- to care for all for all cancers but actually it's better than that because the sequel to that it was."

" The cure for all diseases and they -- cancer you know is she can't cure everything has many case histories a benefit mini. Many many. She had several several cases street. And if she has her. Kind of a bizarre she had a bizarre theory that the liver fluke. In infection by -- liver fluke is what was causing all disease that I guess our bodies would function perfectly were it not for this one little liver fluke that was causing all of all of disease. And of course she used the beauty of a bit inventing one cause for all disease is that you can -- market you're one sure. All diseases for all then there --"

" It's. No matter is that there is slice is going to be."

" I'm here. It does -- like any leader yet. So you could zap those liver fluke send cure whatever so yes there she had case histories which of course -- just horribly. Selected in distorted. But there are numerous numerous case histories of patients who want to see her because of her claims -- And then delayed it the proper treatment of their cancer until it was to wait until their their prognosis had diminished. -- sometimes to -- to their death zone where did she get the letters after her name. -- and and the Washington Andy is not -- not."

" Now sir Patrick doctor not a doctor pretty much the same thing. They've built up a group of followers. And then those followers go to bat for them whenever the authorities."

" Decide to correct. Yeah okay Kevin Schroeder oh yeah -- news. Sounds like he's another -- the Clark is sells natural cures they don't want you to know about act act. He's been beaten down by the FTC's -- many times and they they find they find him you know hundred million dollars or something. And taken and it billion dollars so it's nothing and and the last judgment against -- said he was no longer allowed to sell anything on TV actor and someone broke. A few weeks ago saying they just saw him on TV telling something. --"

" I was giving away it wasn't giving away his book or something so tech are not selling guns hurts the losses and these are why -- with -- Well look look I actually he he was taken in the scam was that he gives you the book sells really cheap but then. The book doesn't actually have any of the secret -- in. It does lead you to his website where you have to pay for the actual information to that was the scams to skirt a skirt. They're they're just there are always one step ahead of the -- That's that's an unfortunate reason and they go to health care freedom they really got to jargon and unfortunately. A lot of the alternative medicine movement. Created. Some of the academic -- legitimacy and a lot of the jargon. That the cracks in use again that's right. I want I need my academic health care freedom. That's exactly right. So you really maybe somebody who's earnest and who's sincere who just -- profoundly confused trying to promote unscientific therapies. They are handing the playbook. YouTube sometimes sociopath that charlatans. -- con artists and just you are happy to ride along. With them they've been unfortunately had it occurred since I've been. -- got to the end of life. I quietly. Killing people with abject. The law was completely ineffectual and enjoy this guy and -- This guy is. That news. Nicholas Gonzales recognize that name. Is based right here in New York City this guy is in my opinion another notorious cancer quack conceal their yeah. -- this again cancer quackery always in my opinion among worst. Because -- yeah delay treatment on it potentially fatal disease that the -- of treatment -- really matters with cancer it's not like there. Treating. Something that's chronic stable condition so heat got into his head that that's easy I'm learned. This nutritional therapy program from from others who had done it before and added his own wrinkle this and this. According politically enzyme that actually adds coffee and rumors and I 200 different Mathieu vitamins today. Hide Jews and then pancreatic incredulity enzymes and that's his treatment for cancer and he swore that. Case histories and got -- the anecdotal evidence case histories patients did much better published a case series where he said that. Looking at one of the worst cancers pancreatic cancer. No carcinoma of the pancreas has an average survival -- a year about 98%. Of people are dead -- its back. And that's even with current therapy he was claiming and on average a seventeen month. Survival. But with many people surviving 345. Or more years -- incredible claim if true would revolutionize the treatment of cancer but the other problem was that in real scientists. Didn't because there was no plausibility to his claim he didn't document -- cases in a wing and that was compelling and -- of any kind of standards. And for a long time. There was no new study that was either prospective war or control there was an animal Dana but it was mixed you know some in one study of rats survived a little longer another one actually did far worse so. This is a good example to to review it what are the ethics of human -- right -- and is subject people to to -- there is certain ethical standards that you have to abide by one is that. You've done everything you can in the -- and with animals to be reasonably sure war. That there's at least a good chance that patients are gonna benefit more than that'd be harmed by. And then you can do research to see that in fact the case he hadn't even really gotten up. But under pressure from people like Tom -- You a lot of some senators who have very friendly as we say. The and -- was pressured to fund a study looking at pancreatic carcinoma. Even comparing the Gonzales treatment to standards that this study took years to complete and in fact this study what completed four years ago. And they -- is just now being made public. Which is a complete scandal they sat on the results of the study for four years now this is the paper that was just published. And hear the results. So they'll give you the skinny the median survival for people who were treated with standard therapy was fourteen months. Treated with the Gonzales therapy four point three."

" They had a lower quality. In of the cherry on top means that he's -- There aren't -- not it's like not only am I gonna kill you sooner I'm gonna make it as painful as possible we're lets you copy and make."

" Oh that sounds of morphine and there are you spend your whole day making your meals and eating your pills I mean it's you really consumes. What is now you're recreated life -- and it ruins your quality of life. Normally you would randomly assigned however they could they try to randomly assigned him in this that this is the primary weakness that the study is that too many people refused to be randomized. Two standard therapy they don't want to that they wanted to Gonzales treatment the people who were attracted to this study. So they they had to self select. These -- they said all right let's at least make sure that the two groups or come terrible and everybody possible. So they normally you achieve that the randomization and he's a release make sure that the reducing staged a single agent. They're and all the variables that we noted check for are comparable to that it was a good study the results of -- the results are dramatic. This is a drum that is not us you know Carson fourteen -- or two. Fourteen versus four point three months almost tripled survival in the standard therapy group you know you can't say that this is because the people who were self selecting from Gonzales for -- in fact the concern at the beginning of the trial that it was the other way around that people who were selecting for -- had an advantage and he was saying that he doesn't -- it's wonderful -- he set himself up saying he said -- if my therapy would have to be about three times -- in a therapy to really show a dramatic effect and you know that of the problem with non randomization and obviously comprising the ground -- now it's the exact opposite and that it was three times for the standard. So he's not mean this is this is this is a safeguard this war. I'm a mainstream therapy now being promoted by cracking it would be offering become unethical tomorrow. To do goodness ended a man. I just don't try to wrap my look at this list of more years while he's happily promoting things are -- still promoting it go to his website in the hands. Of this data. Of this so he's still promoting his anecdotal evidence I went to the National Cancer Institute they have. A kind of -- mealy mouth to you know treatment of him this house they should have updated their website yesterday with this information there are still people dying and losing -- you know. What you lose ten months of of life. And which is precious and if you have a year -- you know losing that amount -- timing matters and also that what those last four months that you have. Our cents. You know cramming in nutritional supplements and getting an Amazon and a special meals."

" Why did they think this this therapies can work over conventional methods aren't they flock to it what's the lower. -- Helpful. This I'm sure if it might have had friends have had. That experience mainstream. Aspect of the minds and we don't have a good time. And and so the thinking lawmakers coming to Vietnam and also I think people tend to the -- I think. That's the thing now -- these present on the website and book and so long because you know that these in the numbers on persuasive an individual panel would make. You know back that's so it's the it's like the the anecdotes. That's speak louder than -- excellent we we we know without penalty that the work on if you -- to -- charities until about thousands of millions dying people just present one dying child about ten times as many donations. From. You know we we don't like we did a much it would not without -- send them."

" I don't know I don't know if this goes against. Staying in line with signs that maybe we should have more anecdotes with with conventional there."

" Well we we do try to present the to these histories of the woman who went through this therapy and militant to a halt the Clark and then. Her breast cancer -- curable now it's not curable and she dies and that's that we can have the cautionary tales the scary health well I. For whatever reason they're just not as compelling and I think that. Our experience is that people are lured more with the false hope and there is screen. Richard backing up on his -- if you read it from what my reading. That there are psychological experiments that show that people are more. I'm concerned or more fearful of missing out on a benefit than they are losing something here. That's why we play the lottery you don't -- miss out on the opportunity to win. That's what these people present -- to false hope they present is the lotteries the false hope to win. Rather then you may lose a few months of your life. But they're not as concerned about that as well what I could be sure but I can't miss out on the opportunity to be Stewart and that I think in the end is really sucks --"

" You know it's scary like like chiropractic. If enough people took this therapy and said they wanted the insurance companies cover and eventually that's that's the trend that we're seeing today."

" On the topic of native panic it's like a shadow tune what's the harm -- that."

" And Tim Farley is in the audience somewhere."

" It could really."

" goes out of his way to point out that it is not."

" Evidence if you are any scientific. Argument with someone not there. If you -- an emotional argument with someone goes there because -- catalogs how many people have. I have been injured lost millions of dollars due to various quack cures and this wonderful site."

" All right a little lighter news. -- It's. Now that's really that's my daughter Julie. That's it takes years ago buried in my wallet. And this is nice weight to it it that there Richardson."

" I am in and took about seven my outlook and a I'm white and this is look come -- doubts he promotes my. So. 59 seconds. It's in that you can knock me out it and in January. And now -- but I don't talk about a --"

" I am not here to plug that book. Asylum book there's nine seconds from. And -- its first genuineness I'm done. I guess it's fantastic it it really is. It's fantastic Leo all its principles. You know -- well it certainly shouldn't they haven't. Jen Jennifer is generated I'm done it would change of life in less than a minute."

" Send if you buy -- change mind. This good this quickly so I'm. Some breaks I think at about book and one of the come -- studies guidebook eyes. That is. A so I I I most mobile while ago -- interesting. Waltz out that things interest."

" And though. Another good sons and not to listen to what could not put in my wallet 22 I'm -- chances of a time. I thought and experiment of the so who oxygen and -- on the it's -- tonight. I'm social -- I ports at 200 wallets and I didn't think. Any and so is it a little -- we didn't have any money and it's. From the southeast. It's -- normal that's exactly."

" Plus it's being done to promote the books I'm not like so BM. Genuine genuine."

" Great book out of EM. So that's what we did with that regular normal lawless and that we puts evidence the group and we put you both so it's important things in the alarms thugs who have I. None of those folks have a very -- And an elderly couple are happy family we -- can't until May be young opulent looks on us and gotten. Them. And then we we draw a slightly I dropped. 200 doubled its ability of trite to drop to about a fifth. I see you at all is my is that. -- is my guests. But outside constructs on the laws very very tricky because you can't draw them you know so that -- Johnson -- because the public suspicious. See -- the war for about half a mile each time before you drop your wallets. And the public."

" Really helpful to have really helpful. To the C dropped well annual caller I guess he's -- Drop -- what you get -- call it science. Everywhere you like your all of us I guess -- Bicycle. Column -- I wouldn't think in the -- it was. It's a good thoughts yes. -- address. The address is and I got my. Over. So yeah I stood up to these qualities and my -- issued and hang around to see who picks up the ball and my favorite -- at least."

" I -- a couple of -- have to be an -- straight in the -- outside. That was at these bullets and then now like to come back it's the sense to prompt me yet but. It's -- Outperformed even the my money was on. The -- picture album -- So nothing is out as a vehicle and climb and -- of Richard C dropped the wallet and you continue to walk away I continued to look like the people's on the media they pick up the well and they don't think anybody's measure while they open it real quick uncle my other penalties it's so I draw on from. Ally."

" Sorry Richard UB Richard JU I'll leave I'll die I want I want -- I think -- the wallets of the I assure you almost. Thanks again. He's take about the financing."

" It's."

" Look at the -- thought he didn't get the bicycle or the picture now and not. SO two salutes us as we did -- would that sometimes -- them to come back Rex I think. And then talk to so so what the national identity. -- picture of quite the model. So the reason that this is not being interviewed by journalists don't study. A bundle -- a site is a vehicle group by renewable and if that's fat sucked the ball. He's the story of two cups now aspect of the most counts. We're gonna cut all of this --"

" And second so that that that the S patent and I'd say the number. BBC coming out and simply coming -- about the wallet stop you but since it's on. And the like on in the morning I thought I was talking the same recession but not full -- So I didn't realize she knew nothing -- Such -- wall. Some tax -- the -- is possibly the idea is that you'll. I -- not just wanna download it means that."

" Never seen him look on the woman's place. Online she's -- county GOP don't browse solace. I'm so they're not so -- nice onto his the F so it's a much shorter item than not -- That's that's what -- it is if you don't you love it it's. Then not been put out by Vietnam and I'll definitely -- them. A question actually about the tuner card. What was the organization -- in thinking that is like -- or something."

" In which it was nothing it was. -- this that's right yes there must be some things that obviously well yeah and that's where half. Oh yeah we were we thinking of them we would be 66 with a very attractive woman very attractive guy as the enemy. And the enemy. My favorite thing and that we never publish this actually there's reasons we want to look at the effects so nine all night lights. And so we. Went to the telephone -- and that he's got two groups of people. We send them all let's. This at all. I'm thanks much for helping me out -- and these are five -- he's odd pounds back. I'm kind of troll through the the that the telephone directories help tackle the right. So basically the idea Wallace -- that's and let's I didn't helped out the other night is spot on the question you returned back on. -- groups of people. One was this -- name it's always Angel. And the other was the seven. And yes. Though my faith reply came from the very first crook. Who wrote back and say that yes it will mean streak thanks for the money off."

" So this -- let's talk about his very briefly actually Rebecca didn't wanna talk about at all but are. We all know that the the -- satellite is -- is ordering the -- now and it has the power to look at distant suns assistant stars that are with enough detail enough precision. That it can detect. The effects of the planet revolving about the -- in the roughly the plane that we're looking -- from the earth and the purpose of that is to find planets around other -- and it's it's already been proven that can detect planets that we knew were there was gonna see this. Technique to tech as well recently an astronomer did some calculations. And he figured out that. So planet X so -- so this hasn't been actually demonstrated in -- yet but he says they -- should be strong enough. To do this and specifically. It would be able to detect an earth size planet. Orbiting a Saturn size and density. I'd order -- size moon orbiting Saturn size and -- planet and the picture we are well yeah I'm. At the distances of the stars that are being looked at with with Kepler so that there are BS there's a limit. How -- be I don't know what that is but that's it was certainly it would in the ones that it's serving in might actually pick up an excellent moon. Rather than just axle plant to cause --"

" Viewpoints that. One just calculation. To no actual accident have been discovered colony when it happens. Three this -- if nothing else to do with popular 1990s cartoon --"

" Point is that we -- what was so when you want to talk about I wanted to talk about a woman falling birth death baucus on. Tell us about it."

" Now you gonna talk about Texan and let's talk about Paxson. Are we don't do too many elections it's. -- cut the size of Linux and moods and."

" Com. Can -- resolved planet orbiting the star. I would think that because nobody could resolve our earth sized and it will be. In. A current."

" Or is it does it can be it can resolve an earth size planet revolving around us are directly yet. That's the hope is that it's going that would unify the for -- overall. If Eric Snow was actually not it's not it's not the wobble gravity method is to transit method is to dip in the light as it goes around. So it absolutely can and we and probably within two or three -- thought he was we will have some --"

" I thought it was his second planet from the wobble or the change in -- to -- and small can only do it by the change."

" But but there are two different methods for detecting -- of planets there's the wobble method we looking at the gravitational effect on the -- the planet and innocent transit method we look at the light output from the start. Kepler is all about polite. Politely it's using the transit that."

" No actually that's a good point to -- and direct visualization and that once twice."

" We cover that news yeah right right that's Aziz across like I mean yes there were it's only been delayed. It's just once or twice and there's not one that the couple -- And better sex and excellence. Does not --"

" Call me -- two days ago and gone back and forth the news items because we have received. -- and that's that's how we started the conversation that you want talk about great tips that the lap event I'm like yeah. This. Of course if this is a -- story Perry just scream from beyond the grave. And it's also is Bob's crazy news heading up the we have great great tapes have been discovered eating bats grains. Every part that I never -- that common. Bats have been reported eating small birds but there's ever been report. Small birds eating bats and they are actually what they're doing is it didn't study was done in Germany this researcher at the -- max plank institute or theology Peter -- stock first saw this in in 96. That it's a good stroke back and those little words are actually. Flying into their caves when when they're just waking up. Or or hibernating pretty much that's -- very cold I thought this is very interest in the the bats are only degree above the ambient temperature which I understand it adds."

" It's interesting though because never -- fast -- I remember reading that. Just the -- of -- not use enough energy metabolic energy at a guy can get actually. Don't anybody tell. The joker who."

" But the minute I. An animal exists when when he what's stopping you so much energy dot."

" I think if it's premature if you can't feast it's not gonna because it's not the time this time hi I'm sorry you hundred in the middle of its hibernation. It may not be able to get to the rest of it's cycle now -- I suspect it only has enough energy to barely get through its hibernation cycle that part of this conservation of the energy is cooling his body as much as possible. In fact there was another unrelated news item that shows that birds to the same thing when their when their. -- lower body temperature or managing during defeating episodes are picking that up quicker to make it to rest of the migrants and cooling down. Seems to be a widespread strategy -- wanting to preserve energy. Well what would these birds are doing is they're really there. They're they're eating these -- heads while they're asleep."

" Yeah they're they're actually flying in and and a lot of cases they will pick up the back and flywheel it's -- The case that the bats where a pox approximately five grams. And then here this is right though the research is wrong it says that the Greek text only wait twenty grants. I've seen great kids. And they're all larger than twenty grams."

" It's not about the size and."

" They are very perky."

" If -- anything."

" It's like the plus sign and I think really is yeah. Yeah civilian bombings -- is this is just too easy to have you ever held a couple of great you see that we nine. Just curious I. The Jackie is to stress thing you have got I don't operating. I'm not -- obstacle to just a couple of are you worried I would. I don't like Jimmie and I were talking about this for an hour and they were -- Thankfully helped that I had been chuckling to myself this whole time because the -- take water and on that this is okay. That's -- the trifecta of sexual innuendo that this is on the radio on the podcast I was holding up a phenomenon that points."

" realized -- if you think."

" Whatever you wanna call it educated."

" you don't think it's. Another forty years and."

" Cracked. The case we have -- Richard enough at this point in his show. I'm Richard -- does right. An excellent lot of highly recommended and see how he's promoting this what's that -- that in a second. -- well -- their but this was. -- cute to have you talk some more about year old researchers think you're gonna talk also to us about the Yale study."

" Yeah thank -- can do that the heels of the ask the threats to our second news asked as to strands it's as we send the -- It has one strand which is on the midst of self help listings -- told the truth. And then the other reason is what can you do it quickly that's got some scientific acting. And -- going through some of that the -- It was kind of -- come across that the idol. Motivation stuff everywhere. If you going to Exel yet and self help deal with sudden come across the -- motivation. And -- the study is that in the opponent thanks night's game kind of -- sometime in the the past fifties is whenever. I -- is on some researchers went in they -- we called Bratz idea so yeah I'll. And they also a very simple question was do you want to know what you. When you. And and he 3% at Fox News that that in track cost twenty years. An account up 3% that's earning 98%. Totaling. So it's suggest that focusing audio. In terms of Korea is isn't really in terms of management. And you see that. That's obviously that. Such four and 2000 votes -- strikes like. He's -- It's never been run. I mean it's a nightmare a study to run anyway in the long you can stuff. -- so -- he will announce a slick spots. Not us or on T yeah I -- there -- also -- social psychologists. Look."

" So it really good story."

" He's allowed seminal research that never and that's absolutely absolutely so it turns out Yale doesn't exist either you."

" Google looks doesn't exist the whole. -- made up. A secure motivational speaker he wants to be fired up and come out these schools of that and so. At this -- skepticism is so important what amazes me a self help industry is is just. Simply put going out as they've got some some pro democracy. And it looks weak points. But this time. It is the guy was a good idea -- some of the good things up so next it's on an answer that much stuff it's gotten its science and that itself out on the next time you -- studied some confidence. And as well. Which doesn't this article exists that -- on then you couldn't just points the bus and go you idiot global. Ignorant slut you."

" You idiots."

" People like you make me sick that's. It's -- assessing yes that was that the confines at tracking down these these things downtrodden and it is heartbreaking and blaming visualization and these books."

" No we need we need to self help book that actually is based on the literature."

" Just -- exactly --"

" There are a a minute 122 this. I'm saying. It's is perhaps slight a slight but it's commuted the US open. He's certainly visualization visualizing your perfect self you know he's always -- to the chief is such a self. The office of the office of the shows in terms of motivation. Or. -- because you visualize yourself well with us that comes along and us. She's gonna give him what -- if you should visualize process which might need to -- adjustment that episode twenty yeah it's not a puppet and and that's a palm passion. Tools that -- on getting that stuff out there because it's relevant to the lives and that's why we do the science but I do -- just it's about getting excited this is what we found out stuff Gaza should be. -- action Richard people -- visualizing themselves."

" At the height of their goal of the game you -- your backs and out their. Yes that's a house and all that -- and sometimes imagine yourself being awarded nine next envoy if you want to greet you Korea and I can self taught that the that the -- states -- I'm then imagine yourself walking out on. All of a holding things that it has a motivation you law."

" I think that's that's the basis of the secret which is one of my own personal pet peeves so I'm really hoping that part of your book tour includes an on Oprah -- you can tell her you are an idiot. -- it's always right yeah if you get imagine me."

" Operas and doing country com. Does -- think I might have something to it revealed in my book. Richard have you heard about. I've read quite a bit about visualizing doing some type of athletic skill Eckstein or whatever -- there was some Olympian that did that when he was injured in that actually did fire this thing around oh yeah I'm visualizing the process that you need to do get it is a good idea that there's no doubt about that stuff is shown. And as of about sixty fine distinction in the physical adjustment about that gang you know the public existing patents it's the."

" It was an interesting when there's such a huge disconnect between the literature and what's actually happening and the real world and I just the other day I was having a conversation with my colleagues at -- the institution. And we're clues about how to best teach the medical students about evidence based medicine. And what what struck and we talked about is that the that our discussion was actually completely divorced from all of the president's. How to teach them how to successfully the other we were arguing about how long it lets you should be in it and it came down with the -- a lot of them a lecturer a lot of the professors who left who won election the way they -- lecture and not being informed by. Evidence to show which shows you know how to possibly teach people information -- into -- the information. Well we really need is -- working group. Actually -- do you do would you buy a home literature and come up with the recommendations that this is mobile optimize information transfer and use. -- in a year that. -- where we're talking about the evidence based medicine we were not taking an evidence based teaching approach."

" It's exciting elements of things that skepticism is that we have very eighteen explanation. For the mine is he's very -- mystery. Says she smoked -- and not to know something really gets them. And so run a couple of nice guy in the UK general -- amend -- magician on. It's gonna predict the national treatment to do that on television. Didn't -- the solution. And it must she'd like that -- actually happened and so cause mr. munger is that body and they just a look at this is normally. You know and and and we don't quite suddenly explanation people -- I think -- skepticism we often think -- exploration and excludes the strict now. As a lot of teaching thing I think can be site. Actually he is something you we're not gonna tell -- the solution to this go out and find itself and breeding I think that's that's quite good as well I'm just. In general is doing it did there around say he's going to predict the letter he predicted he would have -- That's trying to -- in the explain the next thing I think that he gave an exploration well that's right yes there's some debate about whether cryptic and no one wants."

" I'm new YouTube and that what I was looking for immediately was the reveal the numbers for the Irish -- after he said. And -- by law not allowed to show the numbers before the revealed by a lot of recruitment there you go -- actually review the numbers that he -- I don't know what he did to make it seem like he did but yet that's."

" There also was quite funny is that this someone he select -- little -- Anything OK don't CV in two thus he's Y two K. Yeah. I have money he doesn't need your -- and --"

" Well speaking -- annoying people."

" It's time for its shine. Old."

" You scientific."

" Updating it jump on."

" As our -- shows we decide to fix it what I would do is Albee the three items be redeemed yourself to -- and then it will sample the audience by applause to see which when you think is the fiction. And then go to beauty expert advice from from the pain and now we'll see if influences your truck -- that that's yet. Number one. A new survey shows that the last twenty years the number of working scientists who have been contacted by journalists about their research has decreased by about 50%. Item number two. The chemical abstracts service announced that on September 7 -- recorded its fifty million unique chemical substance. And number three research reveals that factors that predict recovery from the psychological trauma of 9/11 and similar events include less emotional control. Soon to declare for less emotional control predicted. Better recovery from the trauma experience and so first tool will do the audience. So if you -- that item number one about scientists and journalists is that fiction. You think that's false applaud. Okay if you think that number two about the chemical abstracts service and the fifteen million unique chemical substances this fiction applaud."

" And -- and number three if you think that less emotional control predicts good recovery from psychological trauma what. Okay pretty close I think 103. Or maybe in a tie a little bit ahead numbered she knew so let's see what the panel thinks. Easily edit this part."

" At first ever -- didn't make much sense to me. But with trainer kind of like in roads."

" And I didn't make sense that a lot of people is growing and yeah. As as they used -- about research. Makes sense to me. And number three. Economy -- look at that -- that if you if you are not supposed to control and just kind of experience your emotions in Latin -- at com I think they'll be healthier for you psychologically that kind of makes us. Our -- control your emotions. In the in the -- bad though because of that. And second one million. Many say that. Our Rebecca."

" I just like to imagine the people of the chemical abstracts service like rolling over fifty million everybody. Yeah okay okay okay and so because of that I -- and believe that that's true actually."

" And make very. As. The first one that makes a lot of sense. Of the reasons Bob mentioned the fact. I mean every. CNN."

" The Boston Globe -- fired their science journalist so. -- really make calls anymore admit to having so much sense and that she needed now."

" As for the last one now the idea of having last mission control predicting a better recover from trauma that is against."

" I'm a lot of studies have print edition."

" It is extreme mean therapies and things that -- hot in the seventies stuff -- are all on can they actually make. Recover from physical trauma worse or like reliving the events is supposed to help you but it really doesn't so I'm thinking that that is actually."

" All right -- So the first one. The only thing I'm questioning about that is. Indeed the one about the journalists and scientists and scientists. We're surveyed in -- being questioned about how often journalists have been calling him about their researchers and and and I just feel like how they get. It's not -- don't see that process being accurate it is definitely anecdotal cited senator -- writing it down and keeping track on some Matsu. Nothing solid about the 50% thing."

" It's funny to see Steve like an innocent person can easily turn mean in the poker yeah that's gonna happen on the podcast is just like. Yes here. So overlapping you numbered them on my computer guys -- Olympic with the fifteen million."

" Local substances that would -- would designate something as a chemical. I itself so if you're gonna change chemical it would what are we changing now the amount of like when you're making the molecule rights are two distinct volatility are talking about."

" Back me up and."

" Distinct molecule that he might say it's a unique chemical substance. So I think if they're if they're making them a minor change and that molecule that's that would be considered unique. If you didn't think so and you think that there's fifty million variations. They think that there yeah."

" He got the girl and Edwards."

" Can I comment on that. McCain -- his party fifty million sounds like (%expletive) load it okay. It's not it's not quite an ass -- yeah and I. It's actually a metric shipment and that's a lot of dogs I wouldn't focus on. And in this last Wenzhou."

" So we're talking about here is that people that -- expressing their emotions more. We're recovering faster people that we're living through and thinking about it and not pushing into the back of their mind I think that makes an enormous amount of sense that you know pushing it away and not focusing on -- thinking about it doesn't help you work it out I agree with that one. That I can't comment on the middle once they just have to -- don't know enough about it yes I'll say that the first one is the thing. That would be the one with the scientists and these journalists. -- com."

" The 50% numbers seem to directs me so. Journalists contact and scientists. Decreasing 50% and that's accurate. You know unlike -- I don't know what to make about B fifty million chemical substance. You know sure it's plausible in. September -- it's cumbersome."

" Turns you against. -- it's never did go to the other end and how on God's. Going gotcha journalism. And it's of the 9/11."

" He says he says the fifty million. Yes I'm gonna go with that wants to."

" Right when it's got into the restaurants hotels. So Richard. I side of lost long to be true it could have imagined it when the actual company -- To see -- and other mention that on. But ensemble -- no. I'm suit. We went well this. When you draw the line and -- enough is enough we we don't need anymore unique chemical substances. Were we've got enough. As gun but this woman's advocate just look at NCE in normal -- and does. So I'm going definitely -- it's like Africa that's not. -- problem -- The odds that."

" Which is what would you that's the chemical substance I have -- So. I realized god yells all right we -- studies that's all right yeah that's triumphs of Bob evident Richard thing that the chemical substances the fiction that -- the psychology. And without -- really quickly serving the audience again to how many still think that number one is the fiction."

" How many think that the chemical substances is the fiction."

" How many think that the psychological trauma as it."

" It's. -- see the."

" I don't even. Not even enough over the the panel definitely convinced you that the that the millions substance once that."

" Because of how. Yeah right I'm."

" An audio plus. If they do in front of you guys."

" Shared just before you don't expect. Yeah just in terms of that is a mystery I think -- want -- know now yeah yeah let me just end it and they had. -- still we will tonight and he said it's not that he didn't tell us and I -- how could go -- and find themselves. So I don't. Well you have a lot of would be yes even the -- not."

" Little more okay. Thank you British show of hands instead of yeah -- love -- it's."

" So although interestingly intent we've discussed this in people who brought us up to us that it of literature shows. When you help people that something is wrong they're actually far more likely three months down the road to remember it is being --"

" It's on. That -- they're fixing -- a lot problem is does -- Remember the fiction as being correct but you just have sucked -- have you with somebody's really ugly just say you really ugly. You didn't fight extremists on the road they'll think I'm really good looking."

" Just the -- like --"

" Your good ideas now. So what let's CD reverse order."

" No that's the reverse order. Item number three research reveals that factors that predict recovery from the psychological trauma of 9/11 and similar events include less emotional control and that one. -- Side. Society -- kinds of us are there were other -- and didn't see the fact is that. Just what but I think. That is better than it holding it so that and it. -- locking down those emotions although Rebecca I think I'm confused with another factor -- that is if you re -- the event over and over again that actually predicted poor recovery. And that's -- they were talking about a that a -- afterwards -- the -- smashing -- Twin -- over and over and over -- actually really -- to maximize the psychological -- And also the key recovery therapists. Who made -- forced people to relive their experience actually had a negative impact of that again we have. Any this kind of kind of -- self help but actually he's with therapist's therapist who thought that he would they were doing but it wasn't evidence based. What they were doing actually hurt the AFC maximize the trial by forcing people to confront what you over and over what's best is just -- To express your emotions about it but don't force sort of relived it over and over another factor that was predicted was whether or not you had an overall positive world -- more negative. Yes this confirms the fact that the world sucks. And you were very likely to have a pour -- comrades. If you had to generally had a brighter outlook you were able to brush off the trauma unit -- That would that was in there."

" I think much and I burst into tears out feel better about these in Seattle -- go back it's okay we're back because and three months you'll be right. --"

" I'm going."

" Down. And quantum forget."

" Yes that's true -- I dreaded and it's going to be all great (%expletive) off."

" If we put a picture of her back in our while we're screwed."

" Daily -- no negative worldview Rebecca is going to of these. Comic and McClatchy and cry silently like continue."

" I remember too. The chemical abstracts service announced that on September simply recorded its fifty million unique chemical substance. The audio disposal initially bought this one but after listening to the expert panel a lot of you are convinced that this woman the -- and this one is. --"

" Fifty million is is very impressive number."

" just think you're the only one this week yet. -- I don't mean to -- shop but -- Amazing losing streak came in I think you're thinking you know I don't plan these final and all -- other suckers who didn't. Company."

" So there are really much talk about their exodus of our lot of unique chemicals that there in the work. Well I'm actually -- you anyone here ever read or watch the data universe changed or connections. Are very good -- I'm and I think he makes Burke makes a very good point that you know discovering new chemical substances has been. Absolutely critical to our technological advances mean -- I think that's flies under the radar uncle but the press and the public that really talk about it that much. Figure out a new way to put chemicals together has really transformed our society and and and are reading those books are watching the programs that are based on and you really -- value chemistry. Really has created a modern society so I'm not actually surprised. That so much attention being paid to catalogue and chemicals and how much of an impact."

" And don't think it went when you when we first talked about the role how they know -- and it can suppose that 59 chemicals exist and actually making scientists around the world are saying we've created no no this is."

" These are catalog you have to make it here it is the unique chemical it exists and -- drugs aren't created yeah absolutely yeah that's yeah. Which means item number one news survey shows that the last twenty years the number of working scientists who have been contacted by journalists about the research has decreased by about 50% is completely. Fictitious."

" Outside her. Because the survey shows that it's actually unchanged. That many many scientists are being contacted by journalists and the number has not really changed since about the late 1980s. Which is into the reason I included this in here is because that it runs. So -- counter to our subjective sense that science journalism seems to be getting worse in in the in the media at large and Rebecca is right a lot of major papers are shutting down their science departments a lot of -- stores are now being run by. Generalist journalist who generalist editors and equality has been going down I think. Our interpretation as that wanna rescue my personal view is that they may be contacting scientist but still looking into the data quality of the stories about what used to --"

" Perhaps he's right right. But I have no objective data and a -- assessments. So who good work. To understand that there are one or two microphones. Set up on the trials. And this is now the as TUQ names like confirms this like over the so it's it's definitely. So this is the part where you get to ask those questions. --"

" Ian. Is actually in our question is though if it. And it is all the numbers -- And yeah remained unchanged why it's stories like for example. In BC it's news or it's exciting to me like all. And besides it's -- actually doing. Similar white and so many. So. Actually. --"

" 8 Saturday morning practice serial com. Would you -- calorie diets hilarious each and it was the science news cycle. Gerardo."

" Yeah -- blog about it yeah I was yes scientists has yet in a Petri dish. Are this you know this treatment. In May have allowed 20% of these cells to survive longer these cells -- here with cancer and survived longer. And and the headline was scientists cure cancer. If this is his height is complained to the journalists and ended the headline was that scientists assaults journalist -- And it."

" And I don't think hearing it just allows us to pursue the cure in the future and it was scientists discovered time travel."

" Yeah oh yeah. This kind of sexually assault journalism."

" Well that's the serious answer is that I think guys we were saying that the that as the media is going to do this transformation from print online and I trying to find a business -- networks that a lot of science journalists are losing their job a lot of signs journalism department to being merged with general. So yeah you I sometimes will CP CR. Serious signs -- Where it was covering the animal shows not the present and wrong -- that basis they're not science journalists and it'll have the training and also -- editor that they're going to a general editor not a science editors so there isn't anyone that has to -- Test right you can look at the stories say this is yes where you totally lose this war did you. -- is really what the scientists say if you -- confirm that with him or maybe you should check with some other guy not go with this one crank -- you realize it's just feel lazy sloppy journalism. But there's also a lot of challenges too good journalism so we'd have to those challengers are still there but the resources are dwindling I think that's probably will receive additional. Oftentimes contacting the scientists are just still not getting the story."

" And you'd think though that the Internet him via the contacts it's much easier and yet you -- things up against who they are contacting the scientists it's just not just putting the weather doing false balance when it really shouldn't be. To be pretty into perspective contacts. -- a lot of problems."

" They're competitive. Point teammate here in other words there's so many more outlets. Foreign news that you have to get your news story out faster -- probably can't take the time that you may -- couldn't you know 1020 years ago in trying to get used to get your story you gotta get it out fast and that might affect the quality."

" You would think so I don't know what that fact has actually been changing over the last twenty years in the news cycle was always pretty at least in recent decades -- not to be."

" And I -- has set up with the Internet and you know competing with lots and it's also the issue of custody -- article doesn't write medium I had to -- an uncertain and -- headline that job is to grab your attention. And processing which all the rewrites history of man and a great it's great it's."

" We need. And more seconds for jittery to close out the show with a quick quote."

" This is a quote from Christopher hitch and everybody knows -- Christopher's right. What can be asserted without proof can be dismissed without proof Christopher next half."

" Well that was our live show from nexus. There actually were many more interesting questions will be didn't have time to get them all into the podcast itself. I'd like to think that all the guys at the New York City skeptics for helping us -- the -- to organize this is very successful conference which were happy to say it was sold out. And be definitely plan and holding more conferences in the future. Most like to thank Jamie in Swiss who was the voice of the EMC that you heard at the very beginning of the podcast and all of the wonderful guests. That made this a very successful conference. And until next week this is your skeptics guide to the universe."

" Discuss discuss the universe is produced by the New England skeptical society. In association with the James Randi educational foundation and -- chick dot org for more information on this and other episodes. Please visit our website at www. That's got its guises dot org. For questions suggestions and other feedback. Please use to contact us form part of the website war send an email to info at the skeptics guide Dutch court -- If you enjoyed this episode that please help us spread the word I voted for aside -- relieving just review on iTunes you can find links to these sites and others. -- to our homepage. Serum is produced by kiddo and -- permission."